National Supervisory Authority & Licensing Qualification Dossier • Latin America & Africa
CBN
NigeriaCentral Bank of Nigeria
Source / Native Reference: 尼日利亚中央银行
- Supervisory tier
- Tier-2
- License classes
- 2
- Licensed records
- 12
- Active / regulated
- 12
Statutory Supervisory Mandate & Scope
Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the central banking and prudential supervisory authority in Nigeria (Tier-2 jurisdiction). Its mandate encompasses monetary policy implementation, systemic financial stability, Basel III capital adequacy and liquidity (LCR/NSFR) supervision for credit institutions, payment systems oversight, and statutory licensing of banks and authorised financial institutions.
Prudential Tier Assessment
Tier-2Tier-2 sovereign central bank and macroprudential banking supervisor for Nigeria, enforcing Basel III capital adequacy and national payment system integrity.
National licensing qualifications & statutory authorisation classes (CBN)
Authorisation categories, permitted institutional and retail activities, minimum initial capital adequacy, and ongoing prudential solvency rules enforced by CBN in Nigeria.
| License class / code | Official designation | Permitted institutional & retail activities | Minimum initial / base capital | Ongoing prudential & solvency rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class A / Commercial Banking Charter | Full Commercial & Institutional Banking Licence | Deposit-taking, commercial lending, interbank FX market-making, trade finance, and institutional custody. | USD $5,000,000 – $15,000,000 equivalent statutory paid-up banking capital | Minimum Basel III Total Capital Ratio ≥ 10.5%–12.5%, CET1 ≥ 7.0%, LCR ≥ 100%, and NSFR ≥ 100%. |
| EMI / Payment & FX Institution Licence | Authorised Payment Institution / Electronic Money & FX Remittance Licence | Cross-border remittance, electronic money issuance, merchant payment acquiring, and deliverable spot FX conversion. | USD $150,000 – $500,000 equivalent paid-up capital plus statutory central bank security deposit. | 100% daily safeguarding of customer float in segregated commercial bank trust accounts. |
Investor compensation, client money segregation & digital-asset regime
Statutory counterparty protections, custody reconciliation mandates, and virtual-asset licensing status under CBN.
Statutory Deposit Insurance & Bank Resolution Scheme (Nigeria)
- Maximum coverage per client
- Protected up to statutory national deposit insurance ceiling per banking depositor
- Eligible counterparties & scope
- Retail depositors and eligible corporate deposit accounts held at licensed credit institutions.
CBN Prudential Safeguarding & Custody Directives
- Reconciliation & audit cadence
- Daily reserve and Nostro/Vostro liquidity reconciliation; 100% ring-fencing of payment institution safeguarding accounts.
- Approved custodian requirements
- Central bank reserve accounts or ring-fenced statutory trust accounts at Tier-1 correspondent banks.
CBN Prudential Cryptoasset Exposure (BCBS SCO60) & CBDC / Stablecoin Oversight
- Travel Rule, custody & stablecoin rules
- Full FATF Recommendation 16 Wire Transfer & Virtual Asset Travel Rule compliance across supervised banking rails.
Primary Governing Statutes & Rulebooks
- Central Bank & Banking Supervision Act of Nigeria
- Basel III Capital Adequacy (CET1 / Tier 1 / Total Capital) & Liquidity (LCR / NSFR) Prudential Standards
- National Payment Systems & Foreign Exchange Control Regulations (Nigeria)
- FATF-Aligned Anti-Money Laundering & Counter-Terrorist Financing (AML/CFT) Banking Directives
Regulatory Reporting & Audit Obligations
Monthly/Quarterly Basel III COREP/FINREP prudential capital and liquidity returns to CBNAnnual IFRS statutory financial audit by an approved central-bank-panel external audit firmReal-time large-exposure, foreign exchange position, and suspicious transaction reporting (STR)
Cross-Border Equivalence & Passporting
Requires CBN home-host supervisory college approval or local branch/representative office licensing for cross-border banking operations.
Supervised institutions & CBN licence records in our database
12 licence records referencing CBN (12 regulated/registered).
| Institution | Licence number | Status | Licensed legal entity | Effective date | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fidelity Bank(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | FIDELITY BANK PLC | — | |
| NAL(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | STERLING BANK LIMITED | 1992 | |
| UAB(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | PayeCards Global Ltd | 2020 | |
| Access Bank plc(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | ACCESS BANK LIMITED | — | |
| Ecobank(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | ECOBANK NIGERIA LIMITED | 1989 | |
| Fidelity Bank Nigeria(Global network record) | 070 | Regulated | FIDELITY BANK PLC | 1987 | |
| First Bank of Nigeria(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | FIRST BANK NIGERIA LIMITED | — | |
| Guaranty Trust Holding Company PLC(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | GUARANTY TRUST HOLDING COMPANY PLC | — | |
| UBA(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | UNITED BANK OF AFRICA PLC | — | |
| Union Bank of Nigeria(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC | — | |
| Wema Bank Plc(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | WEMA BANK PLC | — | |
| Zenith Bank Plc(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | ZENITH BANK PLC | 1990-06-20 |
CBN (Nigeria): institutional licensing & due diligence FAQ
Key statutory capital, compensation, custody segregation, and verification answers for compliance teams.
What are the primary licensing classes and minimum capital requirements under CBN (Nigeria)?
CBN (Central Bank of Nigeria) supervises financial institutions in Nigeria under Central Bank & Banking Supervision Act of Nigeria and Basel III Capital Adequacy (CET1 / Tier 1 / Total Capital) & Liquidity (LCR / NSFR) Prudential Standards. Key statutory authorisation classes include: Class A / Commercial Banking Charter (Full Commercial & Institutional Banking Licence — min. capital: USD $5,000,000 – $15,000,000 equivalent statutory paid-up banking capital); EMI / Payment & FX Institution Licence (Authorised Payment Institution / Electronic Money & FX Remittance Licence — min. capital: USD $150,000 – $500,000 equivalent paid-up capital plus statutory central bank security deposit.). Ongoing prudential supervision requires strict adherence to capital adequacy and liquidity buffers.
Does CBN provide statutory investor compensation and mandatory client asset segregation?
Under CBN's framework, investor protection is governed by Statutory Deposit Insurance & Bank Resolution Scheme (Nigeria) with maximum coverage of Protected up to statutory national deposit insurance ceiling per banking depositor (Retail depositors and eligible corporate deposit accounts held at licensed credit institutions.). For client money and custody assets, supervised firms must comply with CBN Prudential Safeguarding & Custody Directives, performing daily reserve and nostro/vostro liquidity reconciliation; 100% ring-fencing of payment institution safeguarding accounts. with central bank reserve accounts or ring-fenced statutory trust accounts at tier-1 correspondent banks..
How does CBN regulate digital assets, crypto exchanges (VASPs/CASPs), and stablecoins?
CBN's digital-asset regime is structured around CBN Prudential Cryptoasset Exposure (BCBS SCO60) & CBDC / Stablecoin Oversight (Regulates bank custody, payment settlement rails, fiat-backed stablecoin reserve backing, and Basel SCO60 capital weights.). Custody and AML/CFT compliance obligations require: Full FATF Recommendation 16 Wire Transfer & Virtual Asset Travel Rule compliance across supervised banking rails.
How can I verify an institution's CBN licence number and check our 12 recorded licence entries?
Our database currently tracks 12 licence records referencing CBN (12 marked regulated or registered). To verify a counterparty at the primary source, open CBN's official public register (https://www.cbn.gov.ng/), search by the exact reference number and legal entity name, and confirm that the firm's domain and permitted activities match its statutory authorisation.
Related regulatory & market structure briefings
Research and compliance analysis from RegTech Codex relevant to CBN and Nigeria.
RegTech & Prudential Compliance
European Financial Regulatory Architecture in 2026: DORA ICT Operational Resilience, MiCA CASP Prudential Supervision, and EU AMLA Direct Oversight
A comprehensive statutory compliance briefing analyzing Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 (DORA) ICT incident reporting and TLPT mandates, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA) Class 1-3 CASP and EMT/ART reserve rules, Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 Travel Rule, and Frankfurt AMLA direct supervision.
Regulatory Compliance & Licensing
FATF Travel Rule (Recommendation 16) Cross-Border VASP Compliance, EU AMLR/AMLA Supervision & FCA/MAS Client Asset Segregation Audits: 2026 Codex
Cross-border Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) compliance refers to the synchronized execution of cryptographic wire-transfer messaging under FATF Recommendation 16, direct supranational AML supervision under EU Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 (AMLR) and Regulation (EU) 2024/1113 (TFR), and statutory daily client asset segregation reconciliations mandated by the UK FCA CASS 7/CASS 15 and MAS PSN02/CMSA frameworks.
EU MiCA & DORA Compliance
EU DORA & MiCA Compliance Rules: ICT Incident Reporting, CTPP Oversight & CASP Licensing (2026)
The EU Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) mandates major ICT incident reporting within 4 hours (Source: Regulation EU 2022/2554, 2025-01-17) and full MiCA CASP authorization by July 1, 2026 (Source: ESMA, 2026-07-01).
EU MiCA & DORA Compliance
EU Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) ICT Risk & 4-Hour Incident SLA: Statutory Capital Floors, Prudential Ratios & Licensing Thresholds (4 Hours Major ICT Incident Alert Benchmark)
EU Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) ICT Risk & 4-Hour Incident SLA (EU-DORA-2022-2554) stands at 4 Hours (Major ICT Incident Alert) (Source: ESMA / EBA / EIOPA Joint RTS, 2026-10-20), governing initial permanent
Statutory licensing classes, base capital rules, and investor protection summaries for CBN (Nigeria) are maintained for institutional benchmarking and do not constitute legal advice. Always verify current rulebooks and active firm authorisations directly on CBN’s official public register.